‘Thou shalt be drunken’ – not literally, but with terror as the enemy approaches, with the cup of judgment which the Lord gives her to drink. ‘Thou shalt be hid’ – which as Matthew Poole suggests is either because they hid themselves to escape from the approach of the enemy, or because they were so diminished that they no longer appeared to have any significance, or else because they were reduced to contempt.
God does not simply judge Nineveh and overcome her by his superior power. He does so in a way that makes plain the failure of her strength in the process. She is not simply being judged; she is being laid bare as an intrinsically flawed civilisation. Her judgment is at the same time going to be an exposure of her inadequacy. This is part of God’s judgment of her, for she must not be allowed to maintain the fiction that she is as wonderful as she makes out. She fails because of the inherent weaknesses within her. There is an argument in play here, and God will win that argument. Every false system, and every false religion, and every high thing that lifts itself up against the knowledge of God must be brought down, and it must be brought down so as to take from it any claim to greatness. When God judges the world, his judgment will be so thorough that no argument put forth as part of its campaign will be left unanswered. The world will not be left with even a few things that can be said in its favour; it will be left with nothing. If we understand the prophecy rightly, this implies that the collapse of this world will not take place in a moment, but will be long enough for all to observe what is happening.